It is very annoying, not to mention painful to constantly be scratching the scalp because the skin is itchy. Flaky, itchy skin may be a sign of a dry scalp, and this happens if the scalp loses too much moisture.
A dry scalp can also be caused by certain hair products, weather conditions and age. The skin gets irritated and flakes off.
Is there a difference between dandruff and dry scalp?
Yes, there is, although both will cause an itchy, flaky scalp. However, it is excess oil that causes dandruff, and loss of moisture which causes a dry scalp.
Too much oil on the scalp will often leave it looking red, oily, and scaly, with pieces which flake off. These pieces are normally quite large, come and go, and are very common.
With a dry scalp, you may notice that other parts of the body are also dry. This is because the skin has lost moisture.
There are several reasons for dry scalp, namely:
• Contact dermatitis – when a reaction is caused by contact with a product that causes irritation and itchiness.
• Weather conditions – low humidity and cold climates can dry out the scalp.
• Psoriasis – this is a chronic (long-term) condition that causes the skin cells to grow too fast. This means that the skin cells accumulate on the skin surface in patches. Sometimes this can be generic although there are other factors which may trigger it such as infections and even medications.
• Solar keratosis (sun damage) – caused by unprotected sun exposure. It is common in people over 50 who spend lots of time outside with no protection.
• Scalp ringworm (Tinea capitis) – a fungal infection on the scalp. This is easily spread and can be passed by direct contact with other people. Avoid sharing objects such as hats and brushes.
How do we treat dry scalp?
Treatment depends on the reason for the condition. If this is a hair product, then it may be cured simply by changing products.
Normally a gentle non-medicated shampoo will get rid of dry scalp and help with flaking. If the condition is more serious than this then you may want to contact a dermatologist.
For Psoriasis, your dermatologist may prescribe medicated ointment to reduce itching and scaling. Medicated shampoos will also help, and occasionally light therapy is recommended.
Your dermatologist may prescribe an oral antifungal medication for Tinea Capitis as well as a medicated shampoo such as selenium sulphide.
How to prevent dry scalp
• Change to a gentle shampoo which has added moisturizers.
• Wash hair less often
• Drink more water
• Stop smoking
• Use a humidifier to add extra moisture to your environment
Final thought
Dry scalp, along with several other skin issues are also thought to be aggravated by stress. Trying to reduce stress (easier said than done for most live-in carers) may keep the condition to a minimum.
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